Fig 1. A subset of the synthetic data.

(a) The line shows the simulated ‘true’ viral load for a single infection, with the arrow showing the time of exposure. The simulated viral load with noise is shown as crosses. The horizontal line indicates the observation threshold (10 RNA copy no./100μL); observations below this threshold are plotted below this line. Values below the observation threshold were treated as censored. (b—c) For sequential infections with the labelled inter-exposure interval, the dashed and dotted lines show the simulated ‘true’ viral load for a primary and challenge infection respectively; the arrows show the times of the primary and challenge exposures. The simulated viral load with noise is shown as crosses.