Table 1.
Characteristics assessed at index visit and during 2006–2009, according to patient group.
| Characteristic | All patients (N=480,706) | Self-harm patients (N=5,539) | Age- and sex-matched control patients (N=16,617) |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 15.5 (2.88) | 16.6 (2.04) | 16.4 (2.29) |
| 10–14 years | 169,055 (35.2 | 920 (16.6) | 3,731 (22.5) |
| 15–19 years | 311,651 (64.8) | 4,619 (83.4) | 12,886 (77.6) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 245,735 (51.1) | 3,545 (64.0) | 10,635 (64.0) |
| Male | 234,971 (48.9) | 1,994 (36.0) | 5,982 (36.0) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 164,808 (34.3) | 2,407 (43.5) | 5,886 (34.4) |
| Black | 59,282 (12.3) | 607 (11.0) | 2,041 (12.3) |
| Hispanic | 202,479 (42.1) | 1,908 (34.5) | 6,835 (41.1) |
| Asian/pacific islander | 19,347 (4.0) | 200 (3.6) | 654 (3.9) |
| Other | 34,790 (7.2) | 417 (7.5) | 1,201 (7.2) |
| Insurance type | |||
| Private | 202,074 (42.0) | 2,351 (42.4) | 7,119 (42.8) |
| Medicaid | 199,791 (41.6) | 2,404 (43.3) | 6,610 (39.8) |
| Self-pay | 62,112 (12.9) | 590 (10.7) | 2,274 (13.7) |
| Other | 16,694 (3.5) | 194 (3.5) | 612 (3.7) |
| Disposition | |||
| Discharged home | 443,939 (92.4) | 2,493 (45.0) | 15,439 (92.9) |
| Admitted as inpatient | 28,565 (5.9) | 2,853 (51.5) | 917 (5.5) |
| Other | 8,131 (1.7) | 187 (3.4) | 257 (1.6) |
| Died during visita | 71 (0.01) | - (<0.5) | -- (<0.1) |
| Violent self-injury method | |||
| Non-violent | 480,534 (1.1) | 5,367 (96.9) | n.a. |
| Violent | 172 (0.0) | 172 (3.1) | n.a. |
| Residential mobility, 2006–2009 | |||
| 1 zip code recorded | 203,387 (42.3) | 2,307 (41.7) | 6,799 (40.9) |
| >1 zip code recorded | 45,186 (9.4) | 85(15.5) | 1,483 (8.9) |
| No visit recorded | 232,133 (48.3) | 2,37 (42.8) | 8,335 (50.2) |
| Area-level characteristics | |||
| Urbanicity of patient zip | |||
| Metropolitan | 441,098 (91.8) | 5,043 (91.1) | 15,274 (91.9) |
| Micropolitan | 27,715 (5.8) | 359 (6.5) | 938 (5.6) |
| Small town/rural | 11,759 (2.5) | 132 (2.4) | 402 (2.4) |
| Economic disadvantage of patient zip | |||
| Quartile 1 (lowest disadvantage) | 119,291 (24.8) | 1,564 (28.2) | 4,127 (24.8) |
| Quartile 2 | 118,191 (24.6) | 1,374 (24.8) | 4,087 (24.6) |
| Quartile 3 | 118,492 (24.7) | 1,357 (24.5) | 4,107 (24.7) |
| Quartile 4 (highest disadvantage) | 118,650 (24.7) | 1,164 (21.0) | 4,073 (24.5) |
| Patient ED utilization, 2006–2009 | |||
| Total visits, mean (SD) | 1.49 (2.62) | 2.20 (4.23) | 1.45 (2.72) |
| Mental health visits: | |||
| Any mental health visit | 28,546 (5.9) | 1,198 (21.6) | 1,035 (6.2) |
| Any self-harm visit | 3,807 (0.8) | 471 (8.5) | 134 (0.8) |
| Any anxiety disorder visit | 8,858 (1.8) | 438 (7.9) | 328 (2.0) |
| Any mood disorder visit | 8,622 (1.8) | 739 (13.3) | 340 (2.1) |
| Any attention/cd visit | 4,997 (1.0) | 235 (4.2) | 151 (0.9) |
| Any psychotic disorder visit | 1,599 (0.3) | 172 (3.1) | 49 (0.3) |
| Any substance use visit | 9,886 (2.1) | 43 (7.9) | 364 (2.2) |
| Any assault injury visit | 11,676 (2.4) | 279 (5.0) | 406 (2.4) |
| Any unintentional injury visit | 132,260 (27.5) | 1,926 (34.8) | 4,252 (25.6) |
| Any somatic complaint visit | 188,315 (39.2) | 2,136 (38.6) | 6,333 (38.1) |
Due to missing values for some patients, percentages do not always sum to 100.0%.
a
Exact counts and percentages suppressed to maintain patient privacy.