Table 1.

Results of studies examining the effects of HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometric parameters in obese children and adolescents (n = 6).

Studies	Subject description	Study design	Training program	Outcomes	Result
Lau et al. (2014)	n = 15 Age: 11.0 ± 0.6 years BM: 51.1 ± 6.6 kg Size: 146.7 ± 5.2 cm	Randomized clinical trial. HIIE, LIIE and CON	HIIE = 12 sets x 15-s at 120% MAS followed by a 15- second passive recovery. Duration: 6 weeks, three times a week.	BMI (kg/m2) Skinfold thickness (mm) Sum of skinfolds (mm) YYIET (level one)	↓ Sum of skinfolds (mm) ↑ YYIET distance covered (m)
Racil et al. (2016)	n = 17 Age: 14.2 ± 1.2 years. BM: 87.3 ± 4.5 kg Size: 164.0 ± 5.0 cm	Randomized clinical trial. HIIT, MIIT and CON	HIIT = 3 sessions × 4–8 min (15 s/15 s)15-s at 100% MAS follow by 15 s recovery at 50% MAS. 3-min of inter-session passive recovery period. Duration: 12 weeks, three times a week.	BM (kg) BMI–Z-score BF (%) WC (cm) VO2max (L·min−1)	↓ BM (kg) ↓ BMI Z-score ↓ WC (cm) ↓ BF (%) ↑ VO2max (ml/kg/min)
Hay et al. (2015)	n = 38 Age: 15.3 ± 1.7 years BM:89.1 ± 15.7 kg Size: not reported	Randomized clinical trial. HIIT, moderate-intensity and CON	HIIT = 70–85% HRres Duration: 6- month, three times a week.	BM (kg) BMI (kg⋅m2) WC (cm), BF% trunk fat % VO2max (ml/kg/min)	↑ VO2max (ml/kg/min)
Racil et al. (2015)	n = 23 Age: 16,6 ± 0,9 years BM: 83.9 ± 4.5 kg Size: 163 ± 5.0 cm	Randomized clinical trial HIIT, P+HIIT and CON	HIIT = 6–8 blocks per session of 30-s runs at 100%MAS, with 30-s active recovery between bouts at 50%. Duration: 12 weeks, three times a week.	BMI Z-score WC (cm) BF (%) LM (kg) VO2max (ml/kg/min).	↓ BM (kg) ↓ BMI Z-score ↓WC (cm) ↓ BF (%) ↑ VO2max (ml/kg/min)
McNarry et al. (2015)	n = 15 Age: 9.3 ± 0.9 years BM: 49.1 ± 10.8 Kg Size: 143.3 ± 9.2 cm	Randomized clinical trial EX and CON	EX = 6-min high- intensity exercise followed by 2 min of recovery (6 games per session) and a 4-min circuit. Duration: 6 weeks, two times a week	BM (kg) BMI (kg⋅m2) VO2max (ml/kg/min).	↑ VO2max (ml/kg/min)
Lambrick et al. (2015)	n = 28 Age: 9.3 ± 0.9 years BM 48.9 ± 11.0 kg Size: 143.3 ± 9.0 cm	Randomized clinical trial EX and CON	EX = 6-min high- intensity exercise followed by 2 min of recovery (6 games per session) and a 4-min circuit. Duration: 6 weeks, two times a week.	BM (kg) BMI (kg⋅m2) WC(cm) BF(%) LM (kg) VO2max (ml/kg/min).	↓ WC (cm) ↑LM (kg) ↑ VO2max (ml/kg/min).

BM = body mass; BMI = body mass index; WC = waist circumference; BF = body fat; LM = lean mass; FFM = free fat mass; LIIE = low intensity intermittent exercise; HIIE = high intensity intermittent exercise; HIIT = high intensity interval training; MIIT = moderate-intensity interval training; CON = control group; AT = aerobic training; P = plyometric training; P+HIIT = plyometric exercise combined with HIIT; EX = exercise; YYIET= Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test; MAS = maximal aerobic speed; HRres = reserve heart rate; VO_2max= maximal oxygen uptake; ↑; =Significant increase; ↓ = Significant reduction.