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. 2019 Jan 24;9:1903. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01903

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Copyright © 2019 Pujos-Guillot, Pétéra, Jacquemin, Centeno, Lyan, Montoliu, Madej, Pietruszka, Fabbri, Santoro, Brzozowska, Franceschi and Comte.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Study design and frailty status evolution of the subjects over the 1-year period. One hundred and twenty subjects (60 pre-frail and 60 non-frail) were first randomly selected at baseline among the intervention group from the Italian and Polish centers. In addition, all the remaining incident subjects shifting their frailty status during the follow-up (n = 92; n = 67 non-frail and n = 25 pre-frail) were also selected from the same centers, regardless of their intervention groups. Three sub-groups were defined: Stable subjects, who did not change their frailty status over time [Stable 0 (n = 57; 56 of them followed the NU-AGE diet); Stable 1 (n = 30, all of them followed the diet)], those who changed their status from pre-frail to non-frail [Improvement (n = 52, 29 of them were in the NU-AGE diet group)] and those who changed from non-frail to pre-frail [Degradation (n = 70, 34 of them followed the NU-AGE diet)] over 12 months.