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Cumulative concentration-response curves to isoproterenol (A) and nifedipine (B) in guinea pig trachea pre-contracted with 1 μM CCh in Ctrl and Asth, in both the presence and absence of functional epithelium. The symbols and vertical bars represent the mean and SEM, respectively (n = 5). Ctrl: control group; Asth: chronic allergic lung inflammation group; E (+): epithelium present; E(–): epithelium absent.
