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. 2019 Jan 30;9:1003. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38593-9

Table 2.

Sr isotopic ratios and the corresponding numerical ages of calcite and aragonite fractions in the carbonate concretions.

Sample fraction 87Sr/86Srmeasured*,a 87Sr/86Srcorrected*,b age (Ma)*,c
tusk-shell concretion
  111401 calcite 0.708664 +/− 0.000013 0.708651
  111403 calcite 0.708662 +/− 0.000013 0.708648
  111404 calcite 0.708670 +/− 0.000014 0.708657
  111405 calcite 0.708678 +/− 0.000011 0.708665
  111406 calcite 0.708685 +/− 0.000013 0.708671
  111409 calcite 0.708664 +/− 0.000014 0.708651
  average 0.708657 +/− 0.000009 17.08 (+0.27, −0.28)
concretion without fossil
  0708-01 calcite 0.708670 +/− 0.000011 0.708657
  0708-02 calcite 0.708657 +/− 0.000014 0.708645
  0708-03 calcite 0.708694 +/− 0.000013 0.708682
  0708-04 calcite 0.708689 +/− 0.000011 0.708676
  0708-05 calcite 0.708676 +/− 0.000011 0.708664
  average 0.708665 +/− 0.000014 16.95 (+0.36, −0.37)
average of concretions with tusk shell and without fossil 0.708661 +/− 0.000009 17.02 (+0.27, −0.27)
tusk-shell
  a1 aragonite 0.708694 +/− 0.000014 0.708680
  1996-01 aragonite 0.708667 +/− 0.000014 0.708654
  2014-01 aragonite 0.708682 +/− 0.000013 0.708669
  2015-01 aragonite 0.708687 +/− 0.000013 0.708675
  average 0.708670 +/− 0.000012 16.86 (+0.34, −0.34)
matrix
  111407 calcite 0.709135 +/− 0.000013 0.709121
  111408 calcite 0.708639 +/− 0.000014 0.708626
  111410 calcite 0.708706 +/− 0.000011 0.708693

Strontium isotopic ratios, 87Sr/86Sr, of calcite or aragonite fractions from the tusk-shell concretions, concretions without fossil, host rock matrices and tusk-shells from the Yatsuo Group are shown. Based on the Sr isotopic stratigraphy, the numerical ages for the tusk-shell concretions, concretions without fossils, and tusk-shells are determined to be 17.08 (+0.27, −0.28) Ma, 16.95 (+0.36, −0.37) Ma and 16.86 ± 0.34 Ma and are fairly consistent with each other. An averaged age of concretions with tusk-shell and without fossil is 17.02 ± 0.27 Ma.

*,aThe errors are 2 SE level on single measurements.

*,bThe repeated analysis of NIST-SRM987 during this study gives the value of 0.710261 ± 0.000005 (2 SE, n = 14). 87Sr/86Sr ratio is normalized to NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 987 value (=0.710248). Averaged 87Sr/86Sr ratios for calcite fractions in concretions with tusk-shell, those without fossils, both of the calcites, and aragonite fractions of tusk-shells are presented with 2 SE. Each error of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio includes both error for repeated analysis of the samples and that of NIST-SRM987, that is error propagation. See “METHOD SUMMARY” in detail.

*,cAges are determined by the method of McArthur et al.13. The age error for each calcite/aragonite sample is based on 2 SE for the repeated analysis of multiple samples and that of NIST-SRM987.