Table 2.
Comparison of infant characteristics and treatments in fresh human milk and control groups.
| Infant Characteristics | Fresh Human Milk N = 98 | Controla N = 109 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of infant at recruitment (hours), mean ± SD | 10.3 ± 6.0 | 10.8 ± 7.0 | 0.58 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 60(61) | 59(54) | 0.32 |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks), mean ± SD | 28.3 ± 3.6 | 28.7 ± 1.2 | 0.20 |
| Apgar Scores | |||
| One minute, mean ± SD | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 5.9 ± 2.3 | 0.01 |
| Five minutes, mean ± SD | 8.2 ± 1.8 | 7.2 ± 2.1 | 0.01 |
| Ten minutes, mean ± SD | 8.8 ± 1.4 | 7.9 ± 1.6 | 0.01 |
| Number of births in pregnancy | |||
| Singleton, n (%) | 79(81) | 67(61) | 0.01 |
| Twins, n (%) | 17(17) | 39(36) | |
| Triplets, n (%) | 1(1) | 3(3) | |
| Respiratory Support | |||
| CPAP (days), mean ± SD | 8.1 ± 7.2 | 8.9 ± 9.4 | 0.49 |
| Mechanical Ventilation (days), mean ± SD | 2.9 ± 5.3 | 5.6 ± 6.9 | 0.01 |
| Oxygen (fraction of inspired oxygen) | |||
| 28 days, mean ± SD | 24.7 ± 5.0 | 29.4 ± 6.4 | 0.01 |
| 36 weeks, mean ± SD | 27. 2 ± 4.1 | 28.1 ± 2.7 | 0.60 |
| Surfactant administration, n (%) | 65(66) | 74(68) | 0.88 |
| Caffeine administration, n (%) | 85(87) | 86(79) | 0.15 |
| TPN(days), mean ± SD | 17.3 ± 8.0 | 21.8 ± 12.7 | 0.01 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days), mean ± SD | 47.0 ± 18.1 | 48.5 ± 19.6 | 0.57 |
aInfants in the control group were fed frozen human milk.
Abbreviations: N, number in category; n, number in group; SD, standard deviation CPAP, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; TPN, Total Parenteral Nutrition.