Summary of findings 7. Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i compared to placebo.
| Mixed pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i compared to placebo | ||||||
| Patient or population: people with pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 Setting: outpatients Intervention: PDE5 inhibitors Comparison: placebo | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with placebo | Risk with PDE5i | |||||
| Improvement in WHO functional class | Study population | OR 11.31 (4.90 to 26.14) | 146 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATEa,b | ‐ | |
| 137 per 1000 | 642 per 1000 (438 to 806) | |||||
| Six‐minute walk distance | No data provided | MD 51 metres higher (7 higher to 95 higher) | ‐ | 106 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATEa,b | ‐ |
| Mortality | ‐ | ‐ | no studies | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| Quality of life | ‐ | ‐ | no studies | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| PASP | ‐ | MD 10 mmHg lower (11.92 lower to 8.08 lower) | ‐ | 146 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATEa,b | The higher the PASP, the worse the pulmonary hypertension |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; MD: mean difference; OR: odds ratio; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PDE‐5i: phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitor; RCT: randomised controlled trials; WHO: World Health Organization | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect | ||||||
aDowngraded due to imprecision owing to small participant numbers. bThe information is from studies at low or unclear risk of bias.