Webster 2011.
Methods | A single‐blind randomised controlled trial. | |
Participants | 1231 patients admitted to internal medicine or oncology wards | |
Interventions | Participants allocated to either of the following. A. Waterlow (n = 411) B. Ramstadius (n = 410) C. Risk assessment using clinical judgement (n = 410) |
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Outcomes | Incidence of hospital acquired pressure ulcers. | |
Notes | ||
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Quote: "A computer‐generated randomised list was used." |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Quote: "A phone randomisation method was used." |
Blinding of participants (performance bias) | Low risk | Quote: "The patient was blinded to group assignment" |
Blinding of personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Quote: "The only requirement of staff in the participating wards was to use only the instrument found in the chart". |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "The outcome assessor was blinded to group assignment." |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | The number of participants allocated to each group were analysed for the primary outcome. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | The authors report all outcomes alluded to in the paper. |
Other bias | Low risk | The study was funded by research grants from the Queensland Nursing Council, the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Private Practice Fund, the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Research Foundation and a Queensland Health Nursing Research grant. |