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. 2019 Jan 24;10:25. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00025

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Copyright © 2019 Trotel-Aziz, Abou-Mansour, Courteaux, Rabenoelina, Clément, Fontaine and Aziz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Antagonistic activity of B. subtilis PTA-271 toward the N. parvum strain Np-Bt67. The beneficial bacterium PTA-271 (Bs) and the N. parvum strain Np-Bt67 (Bt67), co-inoculated on the opposite sides of PDA plates, were incubated at 28°C (A) or 22°C (B). Pictures of representative plates among nine were taken from 4 to 13 days depending on mycelial growth. Top photographs are the plates without bacteria (pathogen control) and bottom ones are the plates co-inoculated with pathogen and Bs. Antagonism effect is characterized by an inhibition zone between the bacterial colony (right side) and the fungus (left side).