Table 4.
Regression analyses were used to link the identified principal components (Table 3) with the gait stability responses (primary outcomes) and the gait variability responses (secondary outcomes).
| Primary analysis | Secondary analysis | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDS foot | LDS trunk | SD Stride length | SD stride time | |||||||||||||
| ST | DT | ST | DT | ST | DT | ST | DT | |||||||||
| beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | beta | (p) | |
| Pain | 0.155 | (0.101) | 0.214 | (0.030) | −0.054 | (0.593) | 0.073 | (0.462) | −0.033 | (0.757) | −0.040 | (0.700) | 0.239 | (0.019) | 0.203 | (0.058) |
| Balance | 0.099 | (0.297) | 0.165 | (0.094) | −0.162 | (0.113) | −0.062 | (0.532) | 0.254 | (0.020) | −0.016 | (0.880 | 0.095 | (0.348) | −0.004 | (0.973) |
| Strength & Gender | −0.318 | (0.001) | −0.188 | (0.050) | −0.331 | (0.001) | −0.432 | (< 0.001) | 0.101 | (0.338) | 0.111 | (0.277) | −0.207 | (0.039) | −0.107 | (0.305) |
| Physical activity | −0.260 | (0.006) | −0.197 | (0.040) | −0.272 | (0.007) | −0.103 | (0.287) | −0.124 | (0.237) | −0.256 | (0.014) | −0.255 | (0.011) | −0.318 | (0.003) |
| Cognition | −0.049 | (0.597) | −0.116 | (0.226) | 0.025 | (0.801) | −0.012 | (0.902) | 0.112 | (0.286) | 0.280 | (0.007) | −0.047 | (0.635) | −0.022 | (0.833) |
| Proprioception | −0.014 | (0.882) | −0.141 | (0.144) | −0.005 | (0.962) | −0.006 | (0.950) | 0.148 | (0.162) | −0.022 | (0.831) | 0.177 | (0.077) | −0.019 | (0.855) |
| Mental health | 0.105 | (0.257) | −0.063 | (0.518) | 0.123 | (0.216) | −0.113 | (0.255) | −0.087 | (0.410) | 0.146 | (0.155) | 0.117 | (0.240) | 0.095 | (0.370) |
| Osteoarthritis/prosthesis | −0.023 | (0.800) | −0.032 | (0.734) | 0.135 | (0.175) | 0.273 | (0.006) | 0.064 | (0.540) | −0.163 | (0.111) | 0.007 | (0.941) | −0.098 | (0.343) |
| BMI | 0.191 | (0.043) | 0.172 | (0.075) | 0.098 | (0.327) | −0.065 | (0.501) | 0.062 | (0.557) | −0.112 | (0.275) | 0.137 | (0.173) | −0.009 | (0.933) |
| Periperal sensation | 0.293 | (0.002) | 0.430 | (< 0.001) | −0.001 | (0.995) | 0.150 | (0.123) | 0.032 | (0.763) | 0.034 | (0.740) | −0.030 | (0.764) | 0.216 | (0.039) |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.255 | 0.260 | 0.150 | 0.233 | 0.042 | 0.123 | 0.148 | 0.116 | ||||||||
ST, Single-task walking; DT, Dual-task walking; dark gray, p < 0.05 indicating a significant effect; light gray, 0.05 ≤ p < 0.01 indicating a non-significant tendency.