Table 1.
Demographics and Clinical Characteristics
| ASD | |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Total participants (n) | 31 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD (range) | 12.71 ± 2.56 (8–17) |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 25 (80.6) |
| Race (Caucasian), n (%) | 31 (100) |
| Clinical characteristics, n (%) | |
| ASD diagnostic subtypes (DSM-IV) | |
| Autistic disorder | 24 (77.4) |
| Asperger's disorder | 2 (6.5) |
| PDD-NOS | 5 (16.1) |
| ASD impairment (current) | |
| Mild | 8 (25.8) |
| Moderate | 20 (64.5) |
| Severe | 3 (9.7) |
| Medical comorbidities | |
| Seizure disorder | 3 (9.7) |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | 5 (16.1) |
| Other medical disorders | 4 (12.9) |
| Comorbid diagnoses (DSM-IV) | |
| ADHD | 28 (90.3) |
| Mood disordersa | 22 (71.0) |
| Learning disorders | 5 (16.1) |
| Otherb | 2 (6.5) |
| Adjunct psychotropic medications | |
| Antipsychotics | 15 (48.4) |
| Stimulants/psychostimulants | 15 (48.4) |
| Alpha-2-agonists | 11 (35.5) |
| SSRIs and bupropion | 10 (32.3) |
| Benzodiazepines | 8 (25.8) |
| Anticonvulsants and lithium | 4 (12.9) |
| SNRI | 1 (3.2) |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 1 (3.2) |
a
Mood Disorders consisted of patients with Bipolar Disorder, Mood Disorder NOS, and Major Depressive Disorder.
b
Other consisted of patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and those who were diagnosed with more than one disorder.
ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ASD, Autism Spectrum Disorder; PDD-NOS, Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified; SD, standard deviation; SNRI, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.