Table 1.

Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of the groups

	Control (n=33)	Mild (group I) (n=34)	Moderate (group II) (n=35)	Severe (group III) (n=35)	Very severe (group IV) (n=34)
Age (year)	58.45±6.61	58.35±13.39d3,e3	60.40±9.31d3,e3	66.46±11.88a3,b3	69.32±11.63a3,b3,c3
Female/male	16/17	11/23	14/21	7/28	9/25
FEV1 (%)	101.79±8.54	91.29±11.26a3,c3,d3,e3	67.80±2.86a3,b3,d3,e3	46.97±3.29a3,b3,c3,e3	27.38±2.04a3,b3,c3,d3
FEV1/FVC	83.70±4.50	67.53±4.64a2,c3,d3,e3	65.37±6.54a3,d3,e3	59.86±8.65a3,b3,c3,e3	43.91±3.38a3,b3,c3,d3
WBC (×103/μL)	7.16±1.51	8.92±2.99a1	7.59±2.07	8.13±2.67	10.03±3.46a2
Total protein (g/dL)	8.07±0.35	7.50±0.39a3	7.31±0.60a3	7.28±0.45a3	6.92±0.69a3
Albumin (g/dL)	4.06±0.27	3.72±0.29	3.66±0.43	3.44±0.44	3.40±0.51
ESR (mm/h)	10.61±8.56	19.68±16.75a3	18.73±11.13a3	22.17±14.26a3	22.03±14.77a3
CRP (mg/L)	0.32±0.18	0.60±0.60a1,d1	0.52±0.50	0.74±0.67a2,b1,e1	0.56±0.39a1,d1
LL-37 (pg/mL)	368±126	310±86c2,d2,e1	288±100a2,b2,e1	288±81a3,b3,e1	251±136a3,b3,c1,d1
NF-κB (ng/mL)	2.93±0.81	3.32±1.03c1,d1,e3	3.97±1.83a1,e3	3.95±1.71a1,e3	4.85±1.77a1,b1

Notes: ³P<0.001, ²P<0.01, ¹P<0.05. ^avs Control, ^bvs mild COPD, ^cvs moderate COPD, ^dvs severe COPD, ^evs very severe COPD.

Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappaB.