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Flowchart of study selection. Note. Alcohol = AL; Cancer causing substances in the environment = CC; Chronic inflammation = CI; Hormones = HO; Immunosuppression = IM; Infectious agents (IA); Obesity = OB; Radiation = RA; Ultraviolet radiation = UV; Tobacco = TO; *N = total number of unique articles; some articles addressed multiple topics or were excluded for multiple reasons.
