Table 1.
Different types of cancer vaccines in clinical development. *Denotes examples mentioned in the text
| Type of Vaccine | Cancer | Design | Biomaterial Delivered |
Delivery Strategy | Trial Number (Phase) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNA Vaccine | Melanoma | Plasmid DNA encoding gp100 | Naked plasmids or gold particles | Intramuscular injection or epidermal application of powder (with device) | NCT00398073 (Phase 1) |
| *Plasmid encoding tyrosinase 207–216, 1–17 | Naked Plasmids | Intranodal by pump at varying concentrations | NCT00023647 (Phase 1) | ||
| Metastatic Breast | Plasmid DNA encoding mammaglobin-A | Nakedplasmids | Intramuscular injection with jet delivery device | NCT00807781 (Phase 1) | |
| Breast/Ovarian | Plasmid-based DNA encoding HER-2/neu protein + GM-CSF | Naked DNA | Not specified | NCT00436254 (Phase 1) | |
| Ovarian | DNA encoding HPV E7 antigen | Naked DNA | Intradermal gene gun, intramuscular, intralesional injection | NCT00988559 (Phase 1) | |
| Prostate | *DNA encoding PAP+GM-CSF | Naked DNA | Intradermal injection | NCT00849121 (Phase 2) | |
| Merkel Cell | Plasmid DNA encoding intratumoral IL-2 gene | Naked Plasmid | Intratumoral injection with electroporation | NCT01440816 (Phase 2) | |
| Cervical | *Plasmid DNA encoding Sig and HSP70 | Naked Plasmid | Intramuscular injection | NCT00121173 (Phase 1/2) | |
| Lympohoma-B-Cell | *Plasmid DNA encoding CD20 | Naked Plasmid | Intramuscular injection | NCT00561756 (Phase 1) | |
| mRNA Vaccine | Melanoma | *Melanoma associated antigen mRNA | Naked mRNA | Intranodal injection | NCT01684241 (Phase 1) |
| 4 different mRNA drugs to induce T-Cell response | mRNA in liposomes(Lipo-MERIT) | Intraveneous injection | NCT02410733 (Phase 1) | ||
| mRNA for melanoma associated tumor antigen + GM-CSF | naked mRNA | Subcutaneous injection | NCT00204516 (Phase 1/2) | ||
| Melanoma associated tumor antigen mRNA + GM-CSF | Protamine-stabilized mRNA | Intradermal injection | NCT00204607 (Phase 1/2) | ||
| Breast | *Breast cancer associated tumor antigen mRNA | mRNA in liposomes | Not specified | NCT02316457 (Phase 1) | |
| Prostate | *RNActive (self-adjuvanting mRNA) | Naked and protamine-stabilized mRNA | Intradermal injection | NCT00831467 (Phase 1/2) | |
| Non-Small Cell Lung | * 6 RNAactive (self-adjuvanting mRNA) components | Naked mRNA complex | Intradermal injection and radiation | NCT01915524 (Phase 1) | |
| Peptide/Protein Vaccine | Ovarian/Tubal/Peritoneal | *12 different tumor-rejection peptides known to be presented on ovarian cells | Naked peptide | Intradermal/subcutaneous injection | NCT00437502 (Phase 1) |
| Any Malignant Tumor | NY-ESO-1 protein + CpG + montanide | Naked protein | Intradermal injection | NCT00299728 (Phase 1) | |
| Esophageal, Stomach, Breast, etc | CHP-HER2/CHP-NY-ESO-1 protein + adjuvant OK-432 | Naked proteins | Subcutaneous injection | NCT00291473 (Phase 1) | |
| Multiple Myeloma | MAGE-A3/NY-ESO-1 peptide | Naked peptides | Subcutaneous injection | NCT00090493 (Phase 2/3) | |
| Melanoma | Melanoma associated tumor antigen peptide + GM-CSF | Naked peptides | Subcutaneous injection | NCT01989572 (Phase 3) | |
| gp100 Peptide + anti-CTLA4 | Naked peptides | Intradermal injection intravenous infusion | NCT00094653 (Phase 3) | ||
| *6 Melanoma “helper” peptides + GM-CSF | Naked peptides | Not specified | NCT00089219 (Phase 1/2) | ||
| Colon Adenoma | *MUC1 TAA peptide + adjuvant Poly ICLC | Naked peptide | Subcutaneous injection | NCT00773097 (Phase 2) | |
| Dendritic cell vaccine | Multiple Myeloma | Plasmacytoma cells and DCs from patient injected with GM-CSF | Mixed cells | Intradermal injection | NCT00459069 (Phase 1) |
| Metastatic Breast | Tumor blood vessel antigen pulsed DCs injected after chemotherapy | Modified cells | Intravenous infusion | NCT02479230 (Phase 1) | |
| Prostate | DCs pulsed with tumor lysates expressing cancer/testis antigen | Modified cells | Not specified | NCT01883518 (Phase 1/2) | |
| Renal Cell | *DCs electroporated with RNA | Modified cells | Intradermal injection | NCT01582672 (Phase 3) | |
| Lung | DCs pulsed with lung cancer cells | Modified cells | Intradermal injection | NCT00103116 (Phase 2) | |
| Lymphoma | DCs pulsed with lymphoma cell lysate + IL-2 | Modified cells | Not Specified | NCT00006434 (Phase 3) | |
| Tumor cell Vaccine | Pulmonary Metastases of Melanoma | *Hapten dinitrofluorobenzene modified cancer cells | DNP-modified cells | Intradermal injection | NCT00298298 (Phase 1/2) |
| Ovarian | *Ovarian tumor cells modified with bi-shRNA | Modified cells | Intradermal injection | NCT01867086 (Phase 2) | |
| Kidney | B7–1 gene-modified cancer cells + IL-2 | Modified Cells | Subcutaneous injection | NCT00031564 (Phase 2) | |
| Melanoma | Iradiated melonama cells +Bacillus Calmette Guérin+ GM-CSF +IFN-a2b | Modified and dead cells | Subcutaneous injection | NCT01729663 (Phase 2/3) | |
| Genetically modified melonoma cells expressing HLA A2/4–1BB ligand | Modified cells | Not specified | NCT01861938 (Phase 2/3) | ||
| Colon | Radiated but live colorectal cancer cells | Modified cells | Intradermal injection | NCT02448173 (Phase 3) |