Table 1.
Overview of food image databases for human observer studies.
| Databases | Coverage of affective space | Recording methods | Cuisines | Availability of normative (and demographic) data | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FRIDa (Foroni et al., 2013) | Mainly positive valence | Not standardized | Mainly Western | Valence, Arousal, Familiarity (Italian) | • Low resolution (530 pixels × 530 pixels) |
| • Collected from Internet | |||||
| • Includes non-food images | |||||
| Food-Pics (Blechert et al., 2014b) | Mainly positive valence | Not standardized | Mainly Western | Valence, Arousal, Familiarity, Recognizability, Complexity, Palatability (German and North American) | • Low resolution (600 pixels × 450 pixels) |
| • Collected from Internet No fixed background | |||||
| OLAF (Miccoli et al., 2014, 2016) | Mainly positive valence | Not standardized | Mainly Western | Valence, Arousal, Dominance, Food Craving (Spanish) | • High resolution (4000 pixels × 3000 pixels) |
| • Includes some low valence images from IAPS | |||||
| • Includes non-food images | |||||
| F4H (Charbonnier et al., 2016) | Mainly positive valence | Standardized | Mainly Western | Liking, Healthiness, Recognizability, Perceived Calories (Greek, Dutch, Scottish, German, Hungary, and Swedish) | • Resolution (3872 pixels × 2592 pixels) |
| • All images registered by the authors | |||||
| • Includes non-food images | |||||