Table 4.
(A) P-values of the two-way ANOVA test for the effects of the factors “Copper contamination” and “Mycorrhizal inoculation treatment” and their interaction; (B) Macro- and micronutrient contents in roots of Touriga Nacional grapevine variety plants grafted onto 1103P rootstock inoculated or not with R. irregulare or F. mosseae.
| (A) Factor | Macronutrient | Micronutrient | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | P | K | Na | Ca | Mg | Fe | Cu1 | Zn1 | Mn | ||
| Copper contamination | 0.603 | 0.652 | 0.002 | 0.067 | 0.064 | < 0.0001 | 0.017 | – | – | < 0.0001 | |
| Mycorrhizal inocualtion treatment | 0.283 | 0.125 | 0.003 | 0.044 | 0.029 | 0.215 | 0.012 | – | – | 0.963 | |
| Interaction | 0.496 | 0.572 | 0.040 | 0.575 | 0.025 | 0.722 | 0.002 | – | – | 0.857 | |
| (B) Soil treatment | Inoculation treatment | Macronutrient concentraction (g kg−1) | Micronutrient concentration (mg kg−1) | ||||||||
| N | P | K | Na | Ca | Mg | Fe | Cu1 | Zn1 | Mn | ||
| Non-contaminated | Non-inoculated | 8.28 ± 1.179 a | 2.21 ± 0.129 a | 5.32 ± 0.292 b | 1.81 ± 0.348 b | 5.41 ± 0.531 a | 1.04 ± 0.114 bc | 79.36 ± 11.286 b | < DL 2 | < DL 2 | 27.87 ± 1.667 b |
| R. irregulare | 8.30 ± 0.686 a | 2.57 ± 0.072 a | 6.28 ± 0.387 b | 2.33 ± 0.171 ab | 5.91 ± 0.325 a | 0.86 ± 0.043 c | 76.51 ± 1.963 b | < DL 2 | < DL 2 | 27.14 ± 1.106 b | |
| F. mosseae | 8.72 ± 0.733 a | 2.41 ± 0.079 a | 5.94 ± 0.263 b | 2.47 ± 0.287 ab | 6.94 ± 0.258 a | 0.92 ± 0.053 c | 125.24 ± 11.166 b | < DL 2 | < DL 2 | 28.84 ± 2.770 b | |
| Cu-contaminated soil | Non-inoculated | 7.57 ± 0.858 a | 2.38 ± 0.108 a | 6.77 ± 0.510 b | 2.23 ± 0.163 ab | 6.49 ± 0.870 a | 1.58 ± 0.134 a | 85.49 ± 12.549 b | 91.02 ± 11.402 a | 26.51 ± 0.906 b | 60.96 ± 7.823 a |
| R. irregulare | 8.54 ± 0.230 a | 2.50 ± 0.134 a | 9.69 ± 0.804 a | 2.97 ± 0.299 a | 2.56 ± 0.396 b | 1.47 ± 0.174 a | 268.45 ± 59.287 a | 134.78 ± 21.142 a | 36.68 ± 3.422 a | 69.50 ± 11.519 a | |
| F. mosseae | 10.59 ± 1.989 a | 2.44 ± 0.118 a | 6.14 ± 0.945 b | 2.58 ± 0.163 ab | 5.68 ± 1.332 a | 1.36 ± 0.060 ab | 125.55 ± 41.384 b | 107.55 ± 25.479 a | 30.62 ± 2.315 ab | 67.31 ± 18.666 a | |
Data represent average values (n = 5) ± standard error.
Different small caps letters indicate significant differences among the different experimental treatments, according to Tukey b or to Dunn-Bonferroni a posteriori tests. Significant effect: p-value ≤ 0.05.
Data were not analyzed by a two-way ANOVA as data in the non-contaminated soil were below detection limit.
Data below the detection limit (DL). Not included in the statistical analysis.