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. 2019 Jan 31;9:1097. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37646-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Architecture of the LCM. Illustrated are (A) the visual pathway in cats, (B) the structure of the LCM, (C) the synaptic connections between neurons simulated in the LCM, and (D) the neuronal processes simulated in the LCM. In Figure (C), the arrows indicate the direction of synaptic transmission; and sizes of squares and circles indicate the relative densities of corresponding neuron groups (not to scale). Only a partial synaptic connection map is shown; a complete map is provided in Table S5 in the Supplementary Information. Acronyms: SI–sensory input; TH–thalamus; AP–action potential; PSP–postsynaptic potential; MP–membrane potential; E1–excitatory neurons in layer I of the cortex; I1–interneurons in layer I; P2/3–pyramidal neurons in layer II and III; I2/3–interneurons in layer II and III; P4–pyramidal neurons in layer IV; SS4–spiny stellate neurons in layer IV; I4–interneurons in layer IV; P5–pyramidal neurons in layer V; I5–interneurons in layer V; P6–pyramidal neurons in layer VI, I6–interneurons in layer VI; IRTN–interneurons in RTN of the thalamus; RLGN–relay neurons in LGN of the thalamus; ILGN–interneurons in LGN.