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. 2019 Jan 31;9:1057. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38446-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The PVCP phantoms used in this work consist of an absorbing hemisphere with a surrounding scattering matrix. The distance x₁ between the hemisphere and the phantom surface is varied. The ex-vivo sample consists of an absorbing cylinder made of PVCP surrounded with fat tissue.