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. 2019 Jan 31;9:1042. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37776-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Structure and taxonomic composition of bacterial communities in the three soil compartments. (a) Alpha-diversity indicates a decreasing gradient in bacterial diversity from the bulk soil to the rhizosphere. Horizontal bars within boxes represent median. The tops and bottoms of boxes represent 75th and 25th quartiles, respectively. All outliers are plotted as individual points. BS: Bulk soil; RSS: rhizosphere-surrounding soil; R: Rhizosphere. ^a,bBars with different letters indicate statistically significant differences (Dunn’s test). (b) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) of bacterial communities based on the unweighted UniFrac distance matrix, as affected by soil compartment, and (c) plant species. (d) Bray-Curtis dissimilarity using all OTUs relative abundances present in all samples. The red square points out the cluster formed almost exclusively by rhizospheric samples.