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. 2019 Jan 31;9:1072. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37788-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Electrostatic interaction mediated aggregation of colloidal gelatin particles. (a) Microscopic images of colloidal gelatin A particles from scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence images showing submicron particles which are uniformly dispersed. Average size and surface charge (zeta potential) measured by dynamic light scattering. (b) Variation of zeta potential of colloidal gelatin A particles as a function of ionic strength (from HEPES buffer at pH 7) and pH (with 1 mM HEPES buffer). (c) Size and zeta potential of aggregates following addition of 4 M sodium chloride (N), 10% (w/v) Na-salt of polyacrylic acid (P), and 1:1 negatively charged gelatin B (AB) particles showing aggregation of particles due to electrostatic interactions. (d) Morphological character of clustered network of N-, P- and AB- from fluorescence images and their corresponding distance map from ImageJ and their size (from equivalent diameter) and shape (from circularity index) analysis showing characteristic difference in particle organization in N-, P- and AB- aggregate (**P ≤ 0.01, ANOVA).