Table 3. Relationship between maternal dietary patterns and neonatal outcomes (n = 150).
| Variables | Status | Major dietary patterns* | p value† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCLF | HCHF | High fiber | |||
| No. of participants | 34 (22.6) | 55 (36.6) | 61 (40.6) | ||
| Sex (of the neonates) | Female | 16 (10.7) | 29 (19.3) | 26 (17.3) | 0.55 |
| Male | 18 (12.0) | 26 (17.3) | 35 (23.3) | ||
| Preterm neonates | 46 | 15 (32.6) | 14 (30.5) | 17 (36.9) | 0.12 |
| Fetal macrosomia | 19 | 1 (5.2) | 9 (47.4) | 9 (47.4) | 0.02‡ |
| LBW neonates | 11 | 4 (36.5) | 5 (45.4) | 2 (18.1) | 0.07 |
| Neonate's weight (g) | 3,122.3 ± 468.3 | 3,234 ± 483.1 | 3,273.77 ± 381.1 | 0.27 | |
| Neonate's height (cm) | 51 ± 2.2 | 51.3 ± 2.3 | 50.8 ± 3.4 | 0.60 | |
| Neonate's head circumference (cm) | 35.16 ± 2.4 | 35.05 ± 1.8 | 34.91 ± 1.2 | 0.81 | |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation.
HCLF, High Carbohydrate-Lower Fat; HCHF, High Carbohydrate-Higher Fat; ANOVA, analysis of variance; LBM, low birth weight.
*Percentage of participants in the pattern, relative to the total number of participants; †The results were interpreted at a 95% confidence level. χ2 test for qualitative and one-way ANOVA for quantitative variables were used; ‡p < 0.05 considered as significant.