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. 2019 Jan 23;8(2):155–165. doi: 10.1002/open.201800261

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© 2018 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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FACS analysis of ROS production in unlabeled cells (A), negative control (B), positive control (C), cells labeled at 0.11 mM(Mn_0.61Zn_0.42Fe_1.97O₄) concentration 3 hours (D), 6 hours (E), 12 hours (F), 24 hours (G) and 48 hours (H). Dot plots show multiparametric analysis of ROS production and cell death. Horizontal axis: CELLRox DeepRed Reagent, vertical axis: SYTOXBlue. Quadrant gate: region R1: dead cells negative for ROS, R2: dead cells positive for ROS, R3: ROS production in living cells, R4: live intact cells without ROS production. No significant difference between negative cells and NPs‐treated cells was found. As depicted on negative control, BM‐MSCs have basal ROS production.