Table 1.
Characteristics at baseline of all participants.
| Variables | Total Sample (n = 874) |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 32.9 ± 5.1 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |
| Caucasian | 587 (67.2) |
| Hispanic | 260 (29.7) |
| Others | 27 (3.1) |
| Family history of | |
| Type 2 diabetes | 180 (20.6) |
| Family history of MetS (>2 components) | 183 (20.9) |
| Previous history of | |
| Gestational diabetes | 25 (2.9) |
| Miscarriages | 278 (31.8) |
| Educational status | |
| Elementary education | 88 (8.9) |
| Secondary school | 212 (24.3) |
| University degree | 577 (66.0) |
| UNK | 7 (0.8) |
| Employment | 674 (77.1) |
| Number of pregnancies | |
| Primiparous | 378 (43.3) |
| Second pregnancy | 281 (32.2) |
| >2 pregnancies | 215 (24.5) |
| Never smoker | 477 (54.6) |
| Current smoker | 72 (8.2) |
| Gestational age at baseline (weeks) | 12.1 ± 0.6 |
| Prepregnancy body weight (kg) | 60.8 ± 10.8 |
| Body weight at entry (kg) | 62.9 ± 11.1 |
| Weight gain (kg) | 2.1 ± 3.0 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 3.8 |
| BMI at baseline (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 3.9 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 107 ± 11 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 66 ± 10 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 81 ± 6 |
| HbA1c % | 5.1 ± 0.3 |
| Cholesterol mg/dL | 174 ± 30 |
| Triglycerides mg/dL | 82 ± 40 |
| TSH mcUI/mL | 2.0 ± 1.3 |
| T4L ng/dL | 8.6 ± 1.5 |
| MEDAS score | 4.9 ± 1.7 |
| Nutrition score | 0.4 ± 3.2 |
Data are Mean ± SD or n (%). MetS, Metabolic Syndrome. UNK, unknown. BMI, body mass index; MEDAS Score: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener Score.