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. 2019 Jan 17;11(1):75. doi: 10.3390/v11010075

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Cytokine responses in the serum samples of the immunized IFNAR−/− mice. (A) IFN-gamma response: pV-N13 and pV-N13 plus pCD24 showed relatively high levels of IFN-gamma on day 28 (before challenge). Despite pV-N13 plus pCD24, in the pV-N13 group, this cytokine was elevated on day 41 (13 days after challenge). (B) IL-2 response: The results of IL-2 are comparable to INF-gamma. (C) IL-4 response: pV-N13 and pV-N13 plus pCD24 demonstrated the potential to stimulate IL-4 before challenge on day 28 and 13 days after challenge on day 41. (D) IL-5 response: pV-N13 plus pCD24 is predominant compared with pV-N13. However, both groups demonstrated a decrease on day 41. (E) IL-6 response: pV-N13 plus pCD24 appeared more immunogenic than pV-N13 via the IL-6 levels. (F) TNF-alpha response: The results are comparable to IL-6 and both N expressing constructs had the potential to elicit adequate TNF-alpha responses before and after challenge. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 versus pVAX-1 group. All of the data are shown as mean ± SD.