The success rates (PP) of first- and third-line eradication for drug-susceptible or resistant H. pylori with VPZ-based triple therapy and EPZ-based triple therapy. (A) The first-line eradication rate for CLR-resistant H. pylori (minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ≥ 1 µg/mL) was significantly higher for VPZ-based triple therapy (72.0%) than for EPZ-based triple therapy (38.5%, p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in the first-line eradication rate for CLR-susceptible H. pylori (MIC < 1 µg/mL). (B) The third-line eradication rate for STFX-resistant H. pylori (MIC ≥ 0.12 µg/mL) was significantly higher for VPZ-based triple therapy (91.7%) than for EPZ-based triple therapy (20.0%, p < 0.001). The third-line eradication rate for STFX-susceptible H. pylori (MIC < 0.12 µg/mL) was also significantly higher for VPZ-based triple therapy (96.4%) than for EPZ-based triple therapy (66.7%, p < 0.01).