Table 4.

Associations between all 12 principal protein sources and plasma BCAA levels in subgroups based on OW and MS status without and with adjustments for confounders.

Group	NW/MS− (n = 65)				OW/MS− (n = 84)				OW/MS+ (n = 48)
Model	Unadjusted		Adjusted 2		Unadjusted		Adjusted 2		Unadjusted		Adjusted 2
Parameters	R2	p-value	R2	p-value	R2	p-value	R2	p-value	R2	p-value	R2	p-value
Red meat	0.0087	0.3910	0.0964	0.0013	0.0113	0.3408	0.0072	0.4330	0.0771	0.0713	0.0602	0.0548
Processed meat *	0.0088	0.3892	0.0047	0.4571	0.0004	0.8625	0.0005	0.8336	0.0025	0.7380	0.0002	0.9061
Organ meat *	0.0007	0.8112	0.0006	0.7977	0.0028	0.6313	0.0002	0.8871	0.0293	0.2591	0.0449	0.0948
Fish	0.0258	0.1429	0.0306	0.0607	0.0105	0.3589	0.0037	0.5756	0.0151	0.4160	0.0149	0.3288
Poultry	0.0197	0.1999	0.0219	0.1108	0.0046	0.5410	0.0004	0.8479	0.0397	0.1902	0.0429	0.1022
Eggs *	0.0203	0.1936	0.0214	0.1153	0.0076	0.4324	0.0074	0.4275	0.0578	0.1161	0.0812	0.0272
Legumes *	0.0140	0.2787	0.0003	0.8594	0.0072	0.4453	0.0066	0.4543	0.0047	0.6496	0.0424	0.1039
Nuts *	0.0164	0.2418	0.0065	0.3820	0.0045	0.5485	0.0032	0.6039	0.0049	0.6432	0.0001	0.9438
Hf dairy	0.0071	0.4395	0.0058	0.4077	0.0296	0.1248	0.0344	0.0904	0.0105	0.4973	0.0099	0.4244
Lf dairy *	0.0010	0.7721	0.0006	0.7817	0.0013	0.7469	0.0088	0.3890	0.0001	0.9434	0.0054	0.5539
Refined gp	0.0555	0.0338	0.0016	0.6596	0.0146	0.2785	0.0000	0.9857	0.0207	0.3415	0.0108	0.4047
Whole gp	0.0597	0.0279	0.0002	0.8773	0.0161	0.2552	0.0020	0.6791	0.0250	0.2963	0.0053	0.5576

Protein sources were analysed in portions/day. ² The model is adjusted for age, sex and total energy intakes. * indicates that the values was obtained with the transformed variables. Significant values (p < 0.05) are presented in bold. Abbreviations: NW, normal weight; OW, overweight; MS, metabolic syndrome; Hf dairy, high fat dairy; Lf dairy, Low fat dairy; Refined gp, refined grain products; Whole gp, whole grain products.