Table 2.
Bean consumption frequencies, purchasing practices, and preferred characteristics of low-socioeconomic status Iowa women by ethnicity/race and acculturation categories (n = 158).
| Survey Question | Total | Hispanic-Dominant 25% (39) | Bicultural/English-Dominant 33% (53) | Non-Hispanic White 42% (66) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bean consumption frequency *** | ||||
| Once per month or less | 19.6 | 0 a | 17.0 b | 33.3 b |
| 2–3 times per month | 27.8 | 17.9 a | 22.6 a,b | 37.9 b |
| 1–2 times per week | 19 | 20.5 a | 20.8 a | 16.7 a |
| 3–4 times per week | 22.8 | 38.5 a | 30.2 a | 7.6 b |
| 5 or more times per week | 10.8 | 23.1 a | 9.4 a,b | 4.5 b |
| Buys beans of any type *** | ||||
| Yes | 85.4 | 100 a | 90.6 b | 72.7 c |
| No | 14.6 | 0 a | 9.4 b | 27.3 c |
| Buys dry beans *** | ||||
| Yes | 68.4 | 94.9 a | 73.6 b | 48.5 c |
| No | 31.6 | 5.1 a | 26.4 b | 51.5 c |
| Buys canned beans? * | ||||
| Yes | 65.7 | 51.1 a | 74.6 b | 68.8 b |
| No | 34.3 | 48.9 a | 25.4 b | 31.2 b |
| Of the 68% (108/158) who buy dry beans: | ||||
| Preferred packaging * | ||||
| Small bags | 32.4 | 21.6 a | 27.8 a,b | 48.6 b |
| Medium bags | 23.1 | 18.9 a | 36.1 a | 14.3 a |
| Large bags | 10.2 | 21.6 a | 8.3 a,b | 0 b |
| Combination of loose and bags | 28.7 | 32.4 a | 27.8 a | 25.7 a |
| Did not answer | 5.6 | 5.4 a | 0 a | 11.4 a |
| Preferred dry bean traits | ||||
| Price | 46.3 | 43.2 | 43.6 | 51.4 |
| Tradition | 34.3 | 43.2 | 38.5 | 20 |
| Quality | 35.2 | 43.2 | 33.3 | 28.6 |
| Taste of beans | 27.8 | 29.7 | 25.6 | 28.6 |
| Color of beans ** | 22.2 | 40.5 a | 20.5 a | 3.1 b |
| Nutritional value | 22.2 | 16.2 | 25.6 | 25 |
| Brand | 19.4 | 21.6 | 23.1 | 12.5 |
| Cook quickly * | 17.6 | 24.3 a | 5.1 b | 25.0 a |
| Shape ** | 13.9 | 29.7 a | 7.7 b | 3.1 b |
| Prefer to buy dry beans from a specific country? (n = 104) | ||||
| No country preference | 90.5 | 85.3 | 92.3 | 93.8 |
| Yes, Mexico or Central America | 6.7 | 11.8 | 7.7 | 0 |
| Yes, USA or other | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0 | 6.3 |
| Interested in Iowa dry beans? ** | ||||
| Yes | 40.4 | 29.4 a | 31.6 a | 62.5 b |
| Maybe | 41.3 | 35.3 a,b | 55.3 b | 31.3 a |
| No | 18.3 | 35.3 a | 13.2 b | 6.3 b |
| Of 66% (105/158) who buy canned beans: | ||||
| Preferred canned bean traits | ||||
| Price * | 44.8 | 20.0 a | 41.0 a,b | 58.7 b |
| Tradition—always buy type * | 19 | 20.0 a | 30.8 b | 8.7 b |
| Quality | 28.6 | 15 | 38.5 | 26.1 |
| Taste of beans | 41 | 35 | 43.6 | 41.3 |
| Nutritional value | 22.9 | 5 | 23.1 | 30.4 |
| Brand | 21 | 1.9 | 9.5 | 9.5 |
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; Values with the same superscript letters are not significantly different.