Shaukat A, 2005 [26] |
Meta-analysis |
USA |
Recurrence of adenomas was significantly lower in subjects randomized to calcium supplementation |
Zhang X, 2016 [27] |
Observational |
USA |
Inverse relationship |
Wactawski-Wende, 2006 [25] |
Randomized controlled trial |
USA |
Daily supplementation of calcium (1000 mg of elemental Ca) with vitamin D (400 IU of Vit D3) for 7 years had no effect on the incidence of CRC among postmenopausal women |
Lappe J, 2017 [24] |
Randomized Controlled Trial |
USA |
Among healthy postmenopausal older women with a mean baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 32.8 ng/mL, supplementation with vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) and calcium (1500 mg/day) compared with placebo did not result in a significantly lower risk of all-type cancer at 4 years |