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. 2019 Jan 14;11(1):164. doi: 10.3390/nu11010164

Table 4.

Summary of major epidemiological studies examining the association of Calcium intake with CRC.

Author, Year Study Design Country/Center Result
Shaukat A, 2005 [26] Meta-analysis USA Recurrence of adenomas was significantly lower in subjects randomized to calcium supplementation
Zhang X, 2016 [27] Observational USA Inverse relationship
Wactawski-Wende, 2006 [25] Randomized controlled trial USA Daily supplementation of calcium (1000 mg of elemental Ca) with vitamin D (400 IU of Vit D3) for 7 years had no effect on the incidence of CRC among postmenopausal women
Lappe J, 2017 [24] Randomized Controlled Trial USA Among healthy postmenopausal older women with a mean baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 32.8 ng/mL, supplementation with vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) and calcium (1500 mg/day) compared with placebo did not result in a significantly lower risk of all-type cancer at 4 years