Table 1.
The effect of the extract from the berries of Aronia melanocarpa L. (AE) on the liver morphology of rats exposed to cadmium (Cd) 1,2.
| Group | Blurred Trabecular Structure of the Lobes | Microvascular Steatosis | Colliquative Necrosis | Vacuolization, Enlarged Dimensions of Cells | Mononuclear Cell Infiltrations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Months | |||||
| Control | – | – | – | – | – |
| AE | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cd1 | ± b | – | – | ± d | ± d |
| Cd1 + AE | ± b | – | – | ± b | ± d |
| Cd5 | ± d | ± d | ± b | ± d | ± b |
| Cd5 + AE | ± b | ± b | – | ± b | ± b |
| 10 Months | |||||
| Control | – | – | – | – | – |
| AE | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cd1 | ± d | ± b | ± a | ± b | ± b |
| Cd1 + AE | ± b | – | – | ± a | ± b |
| Cd5 | + d | ± d | ± d | ± d | ± d |
| Cd5 + AE | ± d | ± b | ± b | ± b | ± b |
| 17 Months | |||||
| Control | – | – | – | – | – |
| AE | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cd1 | + d | + d | + d | + d | + d |
| Cd1 + AE | ± d | ± d | ± d | + b | ± d |
| Cd5 | ++ d | + d | ++ d | ++ d | + d |
| Cd5 + AE | + d | ± d | + d | + c | ± d |
| 24 Months | |||||
| Control | – | – | – | – | – |
| AE | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cd1 | + d | ++ d | + d | ++ d | + d |
| Cd1 + AE | ± d | + d | ± d | + b | ± d |
| Cd5 | ++ d | ++ d | ++ d | ++ b | + d |
| Cd5 + AE | + d | + d | + d | + b | ± d |
1 The rats received the 0.1% aqueous AE and Cd in diet at the concentration of 1 or 5 mg/kg for 3–24 months. 2 The following criteria were used to scoring the presence or absence of changes in the liver morphology: ++, a change was found in some lobes, in all animals of a group; +, a change was found in some lobes in a majority of animals of a group (occurred in at least five animals); ±, a change was sporadic in a group (occurred in one or two animals); –, a change was absent in all animals of a group; a a change was present in single cells in a group; b a change was found in some cells in lobes; c a change occurred in the majority of cells in lobes; d a change was found in almost all cells in lobes.