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. 2019 Jan 1;8(1):16. doi: 10.3390/cells8010016

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Stage-dependent functions of autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental data indicate opposing, stage-dependent functions of autophagy in HCC. At early stages, autophagy activation may reduce genotoxic stress and prevent tumor formation. At advanced stages with established tumors, autophagy is related to malignant proliferation and metastatic invasion.