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Schematic of the working hypothesis. Interaction of PPARα/γ with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was shown to regulate the blood pressure of HFD rats by modulating baroreflex afferent function in a previous study [10]. In the current working model, fenofibrate (as a PPAR-α agonist) up-regulates PPAR-α and PPAR-γ (synergistically with PPAR-α) and directly contributes to the up-regulation of UCP2 and improvement of oxidative stress via the baroreflex afferent pathway in the HFD model.
