Table 2.
Patient characteristics and perioperative data
| Reoperation n = 48 | No reoperation n = 385 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, m:f (ratio) | 27:21 (1.28) | 217:168 (1.29) | 0.88 |
| Age (years) | 66.5 ± 11.4 | 64.6 ± 11.9 | 0.3 |
| Comorbidities: | |||
| HTN, n (%) | 14 (29.1) | 97 (25.1) | 0.57 |
| IHD, n (%) | 5 (10.4) | 37 (9.6) | 0.64 |
| DM, n (%) | 9 (18.7) | 118 (30.6) | 0.19 |
| COPD, n (%) | 1 (2) | 2 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-op Hb | 12.64 ± 1.5 | 12.27 ± 1.6 | 0.18 |
| CEA | 3.73 ± 6.0 | 5.52 ± 14.8 | 0.54 |
| CA19-9 | 174 ± 289 | 209 ± 309 | 0.57 |
| Pre-op bilirubin | 7.3 ± 6 | 4.19 ± 5.4 | 0.048 |
| Pre-op GGT | 523 ± 497 | 458 ± 559 | 0.53 |
| Neo-adjuvant Tx, n (%) | 2 (4.1) | 12 (3.11) | 0.14 |
| Benign pathology, n (%) | 2 (4.1) | 31 (8) | 0.13 |
| Malignant pathology, n (%) | 46 (95.9) | 354 (91.9) | 0.013 |
| PDAC, n (%) | 28 (58.3) | 198 (51.4) | 0.98 |
| Ampullary CA, n (%) | 6 (12.5) | 47 (12.2) | 0.814 |
| Duodenal CA, n (%) | 1 (2) | 15 (3.8) | 0.014 |
| CCA, n (%) | 5 (10.4) | 15 (3.9) | < 0.001 |
| ERCP + stenting (all malignant), n (%) | 18 (39.1) | 92 (25.9) | 0.259 |
| ERCP + stenting (of CA, not CCA), n (%) | 12 (34.2) | 67 (25.5) | 0.57 |
| ERCP + stenting (of CCA), n (%) | 2 (40) | 11 (73.3) | 0.15 |
| Staging of CA patients | |||
| T1, n (%) | 11 (27.5) | 90 (32.4) | 0.816 |
| T2, n (%) | 13 (32.5) | 108 (38.9) | 0.85 |
| T3, n (%) | 6 (15) | 31 (11.2) | 0.23 |
| T4, n (%) | 10 (25) | 48 (17.4) | 0.2 |
| At least one positive LN, n (%) | 20 (50) | 140 (50.9) | 0.87 |
| No. of positive LN, average (range) | 2.3 (1–7) | 3.2 (1–21) | 0.19 |
| NET, n (%) | 2 (4.16) | 31 (8) | 0.01 |
| IPMN, n (%) | 1 (2) | 40 (10.3) | < 0.001 |
| Readmission, n (%) | 11 (22.9) | 66 (17.1) | 0.24 |
| DGE, n (%) | 3 (6.2) | 57 (14.8) | 0.002 |
| Wound infection, n (%) | 4 (8.3) | 63 (16.3) | 0.019 |
| B/C pancreatic fistula, n (%) | 7 (14.5) | 57 (14.8) | 0.93 |
| Tracheostomy, n (%) | 7 (14.5) | 2 (0.52) | < 0.001 |
| LOS (days), average (range) | 39.07 ± 30.15 | 16.5 ± 10.3 | < 0.001 |
| 60 days’ mortality, n (%) | 9 (18.75) | 10 (2.6) | < 0.001 |
| Adjuvant Tx, n (% of CA patients) | 23 (57.5) | 181 (65.8) | 0.58 |
HTN hypertension, IHD ischemic heart disease, DM diabetes mellitus, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Ca carcinoma, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, GGT gamma glutamyl transferase, Tx treatment, PDAC pancreatic adenocarcinoma, CCA cholangiocarcinoma, ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, LN lymph node, NET neuroendocrine tumor, IPMN intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, DGE delayed gastric emptying. LOS length of stay