Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Population According to Healthy Living Index Score, Women’s Health Initiative Study, United States, 1995–2016
| Characteristic | Healthy Living Index Score | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤10 | 11–12 | 13 | 14–15 | ≥16 | ||||||
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| Age at entry, yearsa | 62 (57–68) | 63 (57–69) | 63 (58–69) | 64 (58–69) | 64 (57–70) | |||||
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||
| White (not of Hispanic origin) | 22,316 | 83.8 | 19,174 | 84.8 | 10,273 | 85.1 | 18,410 | 84.6 | 15,565 | 83.0 |
| Black or African-American | 2,699 | 10.1 | 1,823 | 8.1 | 820 | 6.8 | 1,391 | 6.4 | 999 | 5.3 |
| Other | 1,573 | 5.9 | 1,552 | 6.8 | 946 | 7.8 | 1,904 | 8.7 | 2,130 | 11.4 |
| Missing | 51 | 0.2 | 50 | 0.2 | 36 | 0.3 | 61 | 0.3 | 59 | 0.3 |
| Postcollege education | 6,026 | 22.6 | 6,163 | 27.3 | 3,467 | 30.2 | 7,330 | 33.7 | 7,280 | 38.8 |
| Age at menarche of <12 years | 6,496 | 24.4 | 4,782 | 21.2 | 2,542 | 21.1 | 4,355 | 20.0 | 3,734 | 19.9 |
| Nulliparous | 2,970 | 11.2 | 2,603 | 11.5 | 1,415 | 11.7 | 2,637 | 12.1 | 2,258 | 12.0 |
| Age at menopause of ≥55 years | 3,054 | 11.5 | 2,855 | 12.6 | 1,549 | 12.8 | 2,877 | 13.2 | 2,527 | 13.5 |
| WHI enrollment | ||||||||||
| OS group | 15,610 | 58.6 | 14,279 | 63.2 | 8,049 | 66.7 | 15,424 | 70.9 | 14,583 | 77.8 |
| CT group | 11,026 | 41.4 | 8,320 | 36.8 | 4,026 | 33.3 | 6,342 | 29.1 | 4,170 | 22.2 |
| HT status | ||||||||||
| Never user | 14,425 | 54.2 | 11,257 | 49.9 | 5,823 | 48.3 | 10,067 | 46.3 | 8,489 | 45.3 |
| Former user | 4,023 | 15.1 | 3,352 | 14.8 | 1,813 | 15.0 | 3,243 | 14.9 | 2,733 | 14.6 |
| Current user | 8,179 | 30.7 | 7,973 | 35.3 | 4,426 | 36.7 | 8,440 | 38.8 | 7,514 | 40.1 |
| Oral contraceptives | 11,902 | 44.7 | 9,517 | 42.1 | 5,026 | 41.6 | 8,988 | 41.3 | 7,398 | 39.5 |
| Nonalcohol energy intake, kcal/daya | 1,766.2 (1,370.0–2,239.4) | 1,586.3 (1,234.1–2,003.0) | 1,495.6 (1,167.5–1,891.7) | 1,420.0 (1,112.4–1,787.4) | 1,308.8 (1,032.1–1,634.4) | |||||
Abbreviations: CT, clinical trial; HT, hormone therapy; OS, observational study; WHI, Women’s Health Initiative.
a Values are expressed as median (interquartile range).