Table 2.

Adjusted Odds Ratios for Overweight/Obesity at Ages 5, 10, 18, and 26–45 Years (Adulthood) by Number of Hours Spent Watching Television Daily at Ages 3–5 Years, Nurses’ Mothers’ Cohort (2001) and Nurses’ Health Study II (1989 and 1991)

Variable and No. of Hours Spent Watching Television Daily at Ages 3–5 Years	Age-Adjusted Modela		Model Adjusted for Age and Physical Activity at Ages 3–5 Years		Model Adjusted for Parental and Daughter Covariatesb
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Somatotype ≥5 at age 5 yearsc
0	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
0.5	0.95	0.79, 1.14	0.95	0.79, 1.14	0.96	0.79, 1.15
1.0	1.08	0.95, 1.24	1.08	0.95, 1.24	1.07	0.93, 1.23
2.0	1.22	1.06, 1.41	1.20	1.04, 1.39	1.16	1.00, 1.35
3.0	1.53	1.27, 1.85	1.46	1.21, 1.77	1.39	1.15, 1.69
≥4.0	1.87	1.40, 2.49	1.71	1.28, 2.29	1.61	1.20, 2.17
P for trend	<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
Somatotype ≥5 at age 10 years
0	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
0.5	0.91	0.79, 1.04	0.91	0.79, 1.05	0.94	0.81, 1.08
1.0	1.03	0.93, 1.14	1.03	0.93, 1.14	1.05	0.94, 1.17
2.0	1.20	1.07, 1.34	1.18	1.05, 1.32	1.18	1.05, 1.32
3.0	1.44	1.24, 1.67	1.38	1.19, 1.61	1.35	1.15, 1.57
≥4.0	1.62	1.28, 2.06	1.50	1.18, 1.91	1.46	1.14, 1.86
P for trend	<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
BMId ≥25 at age 18 years
0	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
0.5	0.84	0.72, 0.98	0.85	0.72, 0.99	0.89	0.76, 1.05
1.0	0.95	0.85, 1.07	0.95	0.85, 1.07	0.98	0.87, 1.11
2.0	1.10	0.97, 1.24	1.08	0.96, 1.22	1.06	0.94, 1.21
3.0	1.26	1.07, 1.48	1.21	1.03, 1.42	1.12	0.94, 1.33
≥4.0	1.57	1.22, 2.01	1.47	1.14, 1.88	1.31	1.00, 1.70
P for trend	<0.001		<0.001		0.04
BMId ≥25 in adulthood
0	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
0.5	0.88	0.80, 0.96	0.88	0.80, 0.97	0.92	0.83, 1.01
1.0	0.95	0.89, 1.02	0.95	0.89, 1.02	0.96	0.89, 1.04
2.0	1.08	1.00, 1.16	1.07	1.00, 1.16	1.02	0.94, 1.11
3.0	1.24	1.12, 1.38	1.22	1.10, 1.36	1.07	0.95, 1.19
≥4.0	1.71	1.44, 2.03	1.65	1.39, 1.96	1.32	1.10, 1.59
P for trend	<0.001		<0.001		0.001

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

^a Adjusted for age at daughter’s questionnaire return.

^b At ages 5 and 10 years, the models were adjusted for maternal educational level, maternal and paternal BMI, maternal gestational weight gain, smoking during pregnancy, activity during pregnancy, home ownership, daughter’s birth weight, gestational age, birth year, breastfeeding duration, physical activity at ages 3–5 years, and age at questionnaire return. At age 18 years, the model was adjusted for covariates above and age at menarche. In adulthood, the model was adjusted for the covariates above and adult smoking status, activity level, hours spent watching television daily, caloric intake, and Alterative Healthy Eating Index score.

^c Assessed using the 9-level Stunkard pictogram with body shapes ranging from lean (somatotype 1) to obese (somatotype 9) (27). Somatotypes ≥5 were categorized as “overweight/obese.”

^d Weight (kg)/height (m)².