Table 1. Demographic characteristics of children with spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane.
| Total n = 470 |
<3 years old n = 331 (70.4%) | ≥3 years old n = 139 (29.6%) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months), mean±SD Median |
28.8±23.2 20.8 |
16.5±7.7 15.1 |
58.1±20.7 53.0 |
|
| Sex (m) | 240 (51.1) | 164 (49.6) | 76 (54.7) | 0.3 |
| Day care center/school | 349 (74.3) | 212 (64.1) | 137 (98.6) | |
| Child minder | 60 (12.8) | 60 (18.1) | 0 | |
| Home | 61 (13.0) | 59 (17.8) | 2 (1.4) | |
| PCV13 vaccination | 469 (99.8) | 330 (99.7) | 139 (100) | 0.5 |
| Antibiotic ≤ 3 days before MEF sample | 9 (1.9) | 8 (2.4) | 1 (0.7) | 0.2 |
| Initial otorrhea | 340 (72.3) | 228 (68.9) | 112 (80.6) | 0.01 |
| Non-responsive AOM | 40 (8.5) | 30 (9.1) | 10 (7.2) | 0.6 |
| Recurrence of AOM | 90 (19.2) | 73 (22.1) | 17 (12.2) | 0.013 |
| Temperature (°C), mean ±SD Median |
37.9±0.9 37.6 |
37.9±0.9 37.6 |
37.9±0.9 37.6 |
0.6 |
| No. of days since onset of otorrhea, mean ±SD Median |
1.8±3.8 1 |
2.0±4.3 1 |
1.5±2.1 1 |
0.3 |
| Otalgia | 348 (74.0) | 224 (67.7) | 124 (89.2) | <0.001 |
| Conjunctivitis | 49 (10.4) | 42 (12.7) | 7 (5.0) | 0.013 |
Data are n (%) unless indicated. PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; MEF, middle ear fluid; AOM, acute otitis media