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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Memb Sci. 2018 Mar 23;555:348–361. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.03.060

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Schematic representation of step by step functionalization of the PVDF membrane and its use as a platform for PCB 126 degradation. (1) Zoomed image of PVDF pore is shown, (2) in-situ polymerization of membrane pores using monomer (acrylic acid (AA)) and cross-linker (N, N′-methylenebis (acrylamide) (MBA)). This causes the pore size to shrink and swell in different pH environment making it a pH responsive membrane, (3) Fe and Pd NPs are loaded inside the pores using a double ion exchange process by convective flow, (4) degradation of the PCB 126 solution to biphenyl using Pd-Fe-PAA-PVDF membrane.