Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | All patients n = 424 | Pre-intervention n = 231 | Post-intervention n = 193 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 56 (21, 87) | 56 (21, 87) | 55 (28, 85) | 0.658 |
| Female gender | 205 (48.3%) | 107 (46.3%) | 98 (50.8%) | 0.381 |
| BMI | 27.03 (16.3, 50.04 | 27.03 (16.3, 50.04) | 27.05 (16.3, 48.1) | 0.742 |
| History of smoking | 179 (42.2%) | 109 (47.2%) | 70 (36.3%) | 0.03 |
| History of diabetes | 39 (9.2%) | 17 (7.4%) | 22 (11.4%) | 0.178 |
| CCI | 10 (3, 17) | 10 (4, 17) | 10 (3, 15) | 0.009 |
| ASA classification | 0.356 | |||
| 1 | 3 (0.7%) | 2 (0.9%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| 2 | 138 (32.5%) | 83 (35.9%) | 55 (28.5%) | |
| 3 | 276 (65.1%) | 143 (61.9%) | 133 (68.9%) | |
| 4 | 7 (1.7%) | 3 (1.3%) | 4 (2.1%) | |
| Wound classification | 0.512 | |||
| CC | 368 (86.8%) | 203 (87.9%) | 165 (85.5%) | |
| CO | 55 (13%) | 27 (11.7%) | 28 (14.5%) | |
| Dirty | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Operation duration, hours | 5.01 (1.27, 13.4) | 5.05 (1.27, 13.4) | 4.97 (1.3, 12.15) | 0.654 |
| Hospital LOS, days | 9 (4, 60) | 9 (4, 60) | 8 (4, 48) | <.001 |
| Laparoscopy | 20 (4.7%) | 6 (2.6%) | 14 (7.3%) | 0.036 |
| Stoma creation | 68 (16%) | 39 (16.9%) | 29 (15%) | 0.69 |
| Modified wound closure | 99 (23.3%) | 21 (9.1%) | 78 (40.4%) | <.001 |
| Intestinal procedure | 0.454 | |||
| Rectum | 164 (38.7%) | 94 (40.7%) | 70 (36.2%) | |
| Colon | 237 (55.9%) | 123 (53.2%) | 114 (59.1%) | |
| Ostomy closure | 23 (5.4%) | 14 (6.1%) | 9 (4.7%) | |
| Major liver resection | 88 (20.8%) | 50 (21.6%) | 38 (19.7%) | 0.633 |
| EBL | 350 (25, 5000) | 400mL (25, 3,450) | 350mL (25, 5,000) | 0.050 |
Continuous variables are presented as median (range), and categorical variables as n (%). BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CC, clean-contaminated; CO, contaminated; LOS, length of stay; LAR, low abdominal resection; APR, abdominoperineal resection. EBL, estimated blood loss.