Fig. 2.

In vitro results from three-independent experimental runs demonstrate robustness of the HD-DE optimization process for TF-1 cells. a The algorithm was able to identify optimized conditions that sustained cell expansion under serum-free formulations. Variation in overall performance underscored the presence of variability in biological systems. The performance was normalized to that of the known maximum score (PC of TF-1 cell culture). b Despite variability, the algorithm was able to keep the optimization cost under control as it utilized the information gathered. c PCA loading illustrated the degree to which factor doses were conserved in the candidate solution set formulations. (See Supplementary Table 1 for factor legend). Data represent mean ± SEM