Table 1. Inputs Into the Multi-level CHW Programme Governance Framework .

Specific	Contribution to Assumptions and Principles	Contribution to Framework Design and Tasks
Empirical Observations From the South African Experience
Case studies and cross case analysis of provincial implementation Participant observer in national policy processes	Programmes are path dependent and show sub-national variation Governance as distributed and negotiated Importance of local relationships The practice of governance is multifaceted combining analytic, technical, managerial and political roles	Provides the overall structure and content of the framework
Conceptual/Theoretical Inputs
Sub-functions approaches	Importance of fundamental values (eg, participation, transparency)	Framing of specific tasks: Direction/policy Programme structure and systems design Information/intelligence Partnerships Inter-sectoral action Systems of accountability
Polycentric, state-society approaches	Decision-making and power distributed between state and non-state and community players	Network/collaborative/horizontal relationships
Multi-level governance	Governance (and power) as distributed, vertically and horizontally Implementation as non-linear, iterative, and negotiated	Governance as a negotiated process of co-production at all levels Programme design as bottom-up/top-down requiring systems of feedback and adaptive learning

Abbreviation: CHW, community health worker.