Table 1.
Callogenesis, initiation (day) and morphology of stem and leaf callus under different PGRs after 5 weeks of culture.
| S. No. | Treatment (mg/L) | Callus Initiation (day) | Callus Induction Frequency (%) | Callus Color | Callus Texture | Degree of Callus Formation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stem | Leaf | Stem | Leaf | |||||
| 0 | Control (MS0) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1 | MS + TDZ 1.0 | 10 | 14 | 80–100 | DG | F | C | +++ |
| 2 | MS + TDZ 2.0 | 10 | 14 | 80–100 | DG | F | C | +++ |
| 3 | MS + TDZ 3.0 | 10 | 14 | 80–100 | DG | F | C | +++ |
| 4 | MS + TDZ 4.0 | 10 | 14 | 80–100 | DG | F | C | +++ |
| 5 | MS + TDZ 5.0 | 10 | 14 | 80–100 | DG | F | C | +++ |
| 6 | MS + NAA 1.0 | 12 | 12 | 40–60 | SG | F | C | ++ |
| 7 | MS + NAA 2.0 | 12 | 12 | 40–60 | SG | F | C | ++ |
| 8 | MS + NAA 3.0 | 12 | 12 | 40–60 | SG | F | C | ++ |
| 9 | MS + NAA 4.0 | 12 | 12 | 40–60 | SG | F | C | ++ |
| 10 | MS + NAA 5.0 | 12 | 12 | 40–60 | SG | F | C | ++ |
| 11 | MS + BAP 1.0 | 20 | 20 | 20–30 | SLG | F | C | + |
| 12 | MS + BAP 2.0 | 20 | 20 | 20–30 | SLG | F | C | + |
| 13 | MS + BAP 3.0 | 20 | 20 | 20–30 | SLG | F | C | + |
| 14 | MS + BAP 4.0 | 20 | 20 | 20–30 | SLG | F | C | + |
| 15 | MS + BAP 5.0 | 20 | 20 | 20–30 | SLG | F | C | + |
| 16 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + NAA 1.0 | 8 | 8 | 90–100 | FG | F | C | +++ |
| 17 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + NAA 2.0 | 8 | 8 | 90–100 | FG | F | C | +++ |
| 18 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + NAA 3.0 | 8 | 8 | 90–100 | FG | F | C | +++ |
| 19 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + NAA 4.0 | 8 | 8 | 90–100 | FG | F | C | +++ |
| 20 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + NAA 5.0 | 8 | 8 | 90–100 | FG | F | C | +++ |
| 21 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + BAP 1.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 22 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + BAP 2.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 23 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + BAP 3.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 24 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + BAP 4.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 25 | MS + TDZ 1.0 + BAP 5.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Values are means ± SD from three replicates. Note: No callus (−), Scanty callus (+), Moderate callus (++), profuse callus (+++). F friable, DG dark green, FG fresh green, SG snowy green, SLG snowy light green.