Table 1.
Comparison of technical and regulatory characteristics of selected Smart City services.
| Smart City Service | Smart Metering | Smart Parking | MCS | Smart Street Lighting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic characteristics | ||||
| No. of end users | High | High | Medium/high | High |
| Data volume | Low | Low | Low | Low/high |
| Time sensitivity | Near real time | Real time | Near real time, on demand | Real time |
| Location-based service | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Billing | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Scalability | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Regulatory characteristics | ||||
| Lawful interception | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Dependability | High reliability | High availability | Availability | Reliability |
| Privacy | Policy | Policy | Policy | Policy/not important |
| Security | Integrity | User authenticity, accuracy and completeness of data | Integrity | Integrity |
| Provider switch | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not important |
| Roaming | Not important | Not important | Yes | Not important |
| Interoperability | Policy | Integrated parking service | Policy | Policy |
| Open access | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| IoT device | ||||
| Access mode | Wireline or Wireless | Wireline or Wireless | Wireless | Wireline |
| Computing capability | No | No | No | yes |
| Power source | Main | Battery or main | Rechargeable battery | Main |
| Energy consumption | Small | Small | Small | Small |
| Location | Fixed | Fixed | Mobile | Fixed |
| Connectivity | ||||
| One-way/two-way | One-way/two-way | One-way (typically) | Two-way | Two-way |
| Bandwidth | Low | Low | Low | Low/medium |
| Delay | Best effort | Low (up to 5 sec) | Best effort | Best effort |
| Jitter | Not important | Not important | Not important | Not important |
| Data loss | Very low | Very low | Low | Very low |