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The role of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in addressing Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress. Under ER stress, misfolded or unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER. This triggers activation of the UPR, which is a pro-survival response designed to alleviate the accumulation of misfolded proteins, restore ER homeostasis and re-establish normal ER function. However, if the UPR fails to restore ER homeostasis, cell death (apoptosis) is induced.
