(a) The 24-h cell viability (by MTT assay) of free MB and MB-liposomes at different concentrations with dark treatment or photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment. (n = 4, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 comparison between free MB and MB liposome at same concentration of free MB. ##: p < 0.01, ###: p < 0.001 comparison between dark and PDT treatment at same concentration of free MB. +++: p < 0.001 comparison between dark and PDT treatment at same concentration of MB-liposome). (b) Live and dead staining after 24 h treatment of free MB and MB-liposomes. Green, calcium acetoxymethyl (AM); Red, PI; Scale bar, 500 μm.