Table 1.
Kinetic data of Yarrowia lipolytica strain ACA-DC 5029 cultivated on crude glycerol with initial concentration of ~70 g/L, blended with olive mill wastewaters in various amounts.
| Initial Phenolics (g/L) | Hours | X (g/L) | L (g/L) | Glolcons (g/L) | Cit (g/L) | Man (g/L) | Ara (g/L) | Ery (g/L) | YX/Glol (g/g) | YL/X % (w/w) | YCit/Glol (g/g) | YMan/Glol (g/g) | YAra/Glol (g/g) | YEry/Glol (g/g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0 | 191 f | 8.98 | 0.60 | 64.9 | 17.3 | 9.9 | 3.1 | 14.9 | 0.14 | 6.7 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.23 |
| 240 d | 11.04 | 0.76 | 72.4 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 2.9 | 14.5 | 0.15 | 6.9 | 0.41 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.20 | |
| 246 a,b,e | 11.96 | 1.27 | 72.4 | 34.0 | 8.1 | 3.2 | 9.1 | 0.17 | 10.6 | 0.47 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.13 | |
| 312 c | 11.95 | 0.62 | 72.4 | 42.5 | 6.8 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 0.17 | 5.2 | 0.59 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.06 | |
| ~1.0 | 73 b | 9.26 | 1.65 | 25.4 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 3.7 | 0.36 | 17.8 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.15 |
| 124 f | 10.48 | 1.25 | 50.6 | 12.0 | 6.6 | 2.0 | 8.9 | 0.21 | 11.9 | 0.24 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.18 | |
| 193 a | 11.56 | 0.63 | 66.2 | 25.1 | 8.8 | 2.0 | 7.8 | 0.17 | 5.5 | 0.38 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.12 | |
| 241 c,d,e | 11.41 | 0.28 | 70.0 | 28.8 | 10.9 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 0.16 | 2.4 | 0.41 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.08 | |
| ~2.0 | 192 b | 9.74 | 1.95 | 48.8 | 9.5 | 3.9 | 1.2 | 13.1 | 0.20 | 20.0 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.27 |
| 242 a,c,d,e,f | 11.58 | 1.60 | 70.0 | 31.5 | 5.3 | 2.0 | 13.5 | 0.17 | 13.8 | 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.19 | |
| ~3.5 | 140 b,d,f | 8.30 | 1.32 | 61.4 | 26.2 | 13.1 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 0.14 | 15.9 | 0.43 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| 240 a,c,e | 8.72 | 0.81 | 68.1 | 37.4 | 10.1 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 0.13 | 9.3 | 0.55 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.00 |
Representations (in g/L) of biomass (X), cellular lipid (L), consumed substrate (Glolcons), citric acid (Cit), mannitol (Man), arabitol (Ara) erythritol (Ery), % (w/w) yield lipid in biomass (YL/X) and (in g/g) respective yield of biomass on glycerol consumed (YX/Glol), conversion yield of citric acid produced per glycerol consumed (YCit/Glol), conversion yield of mannitol produced per glycerol consumed (YMan/Glol), conversion yield of arabitol produced per glycerol consumed (YAra/Glol) and conversion yield of erythritol produced per glycerol consumed (YEry/Glol) at different fermentation hours. a when Xmax concentration achieved. b when Lmax concentration achieved. c when Citmax concentration achieved. d when Manmax concentration achieved. e when Aramax concentration achieved. f when Erymax concentration achieved. Culture conditions: growth on aseptic 250 mL flasks at 180 ± 5 rpm, Peptone = 1.0 g/L, yeast extract = 1.0 g/L, pH ranging between 5.0 and 6.0, DOT > 20% v/v, incubation temperature T = 28 °C. Each point is the mean value of two independent measurements.