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. 2019 Jan 16;9(1):106. doi: 10.3390/nano9010106

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the three types of lignin: ethanol organosolv lignin (EOL, brown, top), phosphoric acid lignin (PL, blue, middle), and kraft lignin (KL, red, bottom). (A) General spectra; (B) Region from 500 to 2000 cm⁻¹.