Table 1.
Properties of selected approved peptides and their routes of delivery (source of information: Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) summary of product characteristics (SPC), Drugbank, PubChem, and Welcome Compound Report Card).
| Active | Mw | Dose | Frequency | Route | t½ | LogP † | BCS | Oral BA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Desmopressin | 1069 Da | 1–4 mcg | Daily | sc | ~2.8 h | −4 | III | 0.17% |
| Octreotide | 1019 Da | 200 mcg | Thrice daily | sc | ~1.7 h | −1.4 | — | Phase 3 |
| Cyclosporin | 1203 Da | 280 mg | Daily | iv inf. | ~8.4 h | 7.5 | II | 27% |
| Vancomycin | 1449 Da | 1500 mg | Twice daily | iv inf. | ~7.2 h | −2.6 | III | Local |
| Salmon calcitonin | 3432 Da | 16.7 mcg | Daily | sc | ~1.3 h | −16.6 | — | Phase 3 |
| Semaglutide | 4114 Da | 500 mcg * | Weekly | sc | ~168 h | −5.8 | — | Phase 3 |
| Exenatide | 4186 Da | 10 mcg | Daily | sc | ~2.4 h | −21 | — | Phase 1 |
| Insulin degludec | 6108 Da | 350 mcg | Daily | sc | ~25 h | −4.9 | — | — |
| Insulin aspart | 5832 Da | 1.8 mg ** | — | sc | ~1.4 h | — | — | — |