Table 7.
Estimated association between neonatal thyroid hormone biomarkers and ADHD or related behaviors.
| Estimated associations between neonatal thyroid hormone biomarkers and ADHD or related behaviors | ||
|---|---|---|
| Exposure | Outcome (Time) | Estimate |
| Lower fT4 | ||
| Simic 200915 | BSID impaired selective attention (3 mos) | β = 0.022, SE = 0.024, NS |
| BSID impaired sustained attention (3 mos) | β = 0.020, SE = 0.10, p =.053 | |
| BSID impaired total attention (3 mos) | β = 0.098, SE = 0.034, p = .005 | |
| Ishaik 200064 | BSID impaired total attention (3 mos) | p < .01 |
| BSID impaired sustained attention (3 mos) | p < .05 | |
| Higher TT3 | ||
| Simic 200915 | BSID impaired selective attention (3 mos) | β = 0.320, SE = 0.185, p = .09a |
| Lower T4 | ||
| Soldin 200365 | DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis (5.5-12 yrs) | OR = 0.99, p = 0.81 |
| Soldin 200266 | DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis (5.5-12 yrs) | OR = 1.08 (0.95, 1.24) |
| TSH | ||
| Trumpff 201663 | CBCL ADHD symptoms (4-5 yrs) | NS |
Abbreviations: ADHD = Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BSID = Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II, CBCL = Child Behavior Checklist, DSM = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diorders, fT4 = Free thyroxine, mos = months, NS = Not significant, OR = Odds ratio, β refers to a standardized regression coefficient, TSH = Thyroid stimulating hormone, TT3 = Total triiodothyronine, T4 = Thyroxine, yrs = years.
a
The direction of this effect was flipped for the purposes of interpretation and comparison.