Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 2.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2018 Jan 23;18(2):165–180. doi: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1428089

Figure 2. A continuum of protein biomarkers in tracking different phases of TBI.

Figure 2.

Acute neuronal cell body injury markers UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1), NSE (neuronal specific enolase), necrosis markers SBDP150/145 (αII-spectrin breakdown product 150 kDa & 145 kDa), SNTF (αII-spectrin N-terminal fragment), S100B (glial calcium-binding protein S100B), GFAP & BDP (glial fibrillary acidic protein & breakdown product), delayed axonal injury NF-H, M, L (neurofilament-heavy, medium & light), demyelination marker MBP (myelin basic protein), apoptosis marker SBDP120 (αII-spectrin breakdown product 120 kDa), autoimmunity markers auto[GFAP] (autoantibodies to GFAP), neurodegeneration markers Tau (tau protein), P-Tau (phosphorylated tau), Aβ (amyloid β-peptides) and TDP-43.