Table 5. Association Between Baseline Vascular Function and Longitudinal Changes in LV Diastolic Function (E/e’ and Log10 BNP) Relative to Baseline.
Vascular Function Parameter | Adjusted Beta E/e’ | 95% CI | p value | Adjusted Beta Log10 BNP (pg/ml) | 95% CI | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood Pressure | ||||||
Peripheral SBP (mmHg) | 0.3 | (−0.2, 0.9) | 0.26 | 0.1 | (−0.0, 0.1) | 0.15 |
Peripheral DBP (mmHg) | -0.3 | (−0.8, 0.2) | 0.23 | -0.1 | (−0.1, 0.0) | 0.24 |
Central SBP (mmHg) | 0.3 | (−0.4, 0.9) | 0.41 | 0.0 | (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.52 |
Peripheral PP (mmHg) | 0.5 | (−0.01, 0.9) | 0.06 | 0.1 | (0.0, 0.2) | 0.02 |
Peripheral MAP (mmHg) | 0.1 | (−0.5, 0.6) | 0.87 | 0.0 | (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.83 |
Arterial Stiffness | ||||||
Carotid-Femoral PWV (m/s) | 0.0 | (−0.7, 0.7) | 0.98 | 0.1 | (−0.0, 0.2) | 0.30 |
Resistive Load | ||||||
Total peripheral resistance (TPR) (dyn·sec·cm−5) | 0.8 | (0.2, 1.4) | 0.01 | 0.1 | (−0.0, 0.2) | 0.21 |
Effective arterial elastance (EA) (mmHg/mL) | 0.9 | (0.3, 1.5) | 0.004 | 0.1 | (0.0, 0.2) | 0.01 |
Pulsatile Load | ||||||
Aortic characteristic impedance (Zc) (dyn·sec·cm−5) | 0.7 | (0.3, 1.0) | <0.001 | 0.1 | (0.0, 0.1) | 0.01 |
Total arterial compliance (TAC)(mL/mmHg) | -0.3 | (−0.8, 0.3) | 0.35 | -0.1 | (−0.2, 0.0) | 0.11 |
Augmentation Pressure (mmHg) | 1.0 | (0.3, 1.7) | 0.01 | 0.0 | (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.55 |
Augmentation index (AI) (%) | 0.7 | (−0.01, 1.4) | 0.05 | -0.0 | (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.84 |
Reflected wave transit time (msec) | 0.7 | (−0.02, 1.5) | 0.06 | -0.0 | (−0.1, 0.0) | 0.34 |
Reflection magnitude | -0.2 | (−0.8, 0.5) | 0.61 | 0.0 | (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.55 |
Forward wave amplitude (mmHg) | 0.4 | (−0.3, 1.1) | 0.26 | 0.1 | (−0.0, 0.1) | 0.06 |
Backward wave amplitude (mmHg) | 0.4 | (−0.3, 1.1) | 0.30 | 0.1 | (−0.0, 0.2) | 0.06 |
Vascular function variables scaled by their standard deviations. Regression coefficients adjusted for age, gender, and categorical visit number. Repeated measures accounted for using GEE. Abbreviations: BNP, b-type natriuretic peptide; CI, confidence interval; PWV, pulse wave velocity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure.